J
JessE
Guest
Corporate Take Over
By
JessE
"Dream lofty dreams, and as you dream, so you shall become. Your vision is the promise of what you shall one day be; your ideal is the prophecy of what you shall at last unveil." – James Lane Allen
The dawn of a new age is upon us in the marijuana industry, where once cannabis was associated with the term ‘reefer madness’, a drug used by “crazed” Mexicans which gave them super human strength and aggressiveness, which threatened the very existence of white America, cannabis is now growing in acceptance by the medical community and mainstream culture. For many years yellow journalism, perpetuated by the likes of William Randolph Hearst and other textile industries who felt the danger of their own products becoming obsolete due to the endless amounts of possibilities and uses the Cannabis Sativa L plant offered to the general public at large, today through years of tireless education and an underground culture which has infiltrated all classes of society the herb which once struck fear in the heartland is seen as having strikingly similar parallels to the times of alcohol prohibition which itself proved to be an immense failure.
Legalization across the board however is simply one step in freeing this demonized plant from the clutches of ignorance and fear. Looming just beyond the horizon is the plans of corporate interest groups, with deep pockets and an eye only to increase their profits at the public’s expense. Industries such as ‘big pharmaceutical’ and ‘big tobacco’ have already set their eyes upon the immense potential for profit that the Cannabis Sativa L plant has to offer anyone with the ability to seize upon its infinite attributes. Long before the medicinal properties of the plant were common knowledge, there were a small handful of loyal freedom fighters working diligently to educate anyone with the desire to learn more about the herb through their writings, lectures and protest. Among the earliest pioneers working to bring their knowledge of the plant to light, was popular writer and marijuana legend Robert Connell Clarke. A man held in the highest regard for such books as Marijuana Botany, which to this day is among the only publications to enlighten the cannabis sub culture by means of looking at the plant through the prism of a scientific and botanical perspective! Surely deriving his impressive and diverse knowledge of the plant from other, more legally and socially acceptable agriculture industries, R.C Clarke understood from a very early point in his career as a marijuana activist the dangers that the ultimate and inevitable legalization of the plant would face in the future and even positioned himself to benefit from the whoring of the plant to those who would be able ultimately capitalize on its industrial riches.
As written by Clarke in Marijuana Botany: An Advanced Study (1981):
At this time it seems unlikely that a plant patent would be awarded for a pure-breeding strain of drug Cannabis. In the future, however, with the legalization of cultivation, it is a certainty that corporations with the time, space, and money to produce pure and hybrid strains of Cannabis will apply for patents. It may be legal to grow only certain patented strains produced by large seed companies. Will this be how Government and industry combine to control the quality and quantity of "drug" Cannabis? (pg.38)
For the thousands of cannabis enthusiast who hung on every word Mr. Clarke wrote for many years, surely none of them expected Clarke himself to align with private interest groups to ensure his prophetic words ultimately became a grim and truly frightening reality! In a tale suited for perhaps one of the best episodes of ‘The Twilight Zone’ that never came to be, in 1998 the inner workings of a nightmare which has unfolded slowly, but surely ever since started to emerge. In Bill Breen’s February 2004 article entitled, “Dr. Dopes Connection” it was written:
In the annals of medical-marijuana history, it was a significant moment: In June 1998, British regulators granted GW Pharmaceuticals a license to cultivate and supply marijuana for research and pharmaceutical development. There was just one problem: Where in the world would Geoffrey Guy, GW's founder and chairman, find a legal source of pharmaceutical-grade marijuana seeds -- enough to grow "tons" of material? Someone in England's Home Office gave Guy a tip: A reclusive Dutch company called Hortapharm, founded by two Californian expatriates, might be able to help him out.
Those two ‘California expatriates’ were none other than R.C Clarke and his long time associate Dave Watson. Who were two of the early pioneers of the Dutch cannabis seed industry whom had traveled to Holland in the early ‘80s, nearly broke and cash strapped, to sell seeds to a man with more intestinal fortitude than either Clarke or Watson possessed combined between the two of them named Nevil Schoenmaker. In 1984, Nevil posted what would be the founding of Holland’s first mail order cannabis seed bank in High Times magazine. Known as ‘The Seed Bank’, Schoenmakers modest idea soon turned into a lucrative and successful empire of selling selectively bred high quality cannabis seeds on the black market (though a completely legal enterprise in Holland) to thousands of cannabis enthusiast the world over. For many years, Nevil served the interest of his large clientele base by thumbing his nose up to the prohibitionist elite, including the Drug Enforcement Administration and their counterparts in other countries by playing a pivotal role of absolutes in bringing a large part of today’s most popular and far reaching strains of high quality cannabis to the masses. One would be hard pressed to walk into the gardens and clandestine grow operations of any cannabis grower today without finding strains ultimately derived from Schoenmakers ‘The Seed Bank’ so many years ago. Despite the increasingly popular trend of renaming already well known and established varieties of cannabis, a large percentage of widely cultivated strains of cannabis today are made up of a very select group of professional bred lines. Varieties such as Northern Lights, Skunk#1, Haze and White Widow are industry staples, forming the building blocks of nearly all popular varieties of cannabis today.
In the aforementioned Bill Breen’s 2004 article entitled, “The Cannabis Conundrum” he wrote of the Drug Enforcement Administration’s backed Hortapharm that:
At a secret location in southeastern England, GW Pharmaceuticals has built what might well be the most high-tech pot palace on the planet. Surrounded by electrified razor wire, video cameras, and motion detectors, the greenhouse sprawls across more than an acre of land. At any one time, more than 15,000 marijuana plants are growing under its 14-foot ceiling, with its banks of lights. Inside is a sea of green, comprised of some of the world's most potent strains of pot: Hindu Kush, White Widow, Skunk, Northern Lights. Outside of the Netherlands, GW is the only commercial organization in Europe licensed to cultivate cannabis on this scale.
These varieties of cannabis surrounded by high tech security apparatus’s were all acquired by GW Pharmaceuticals by Clarke and Watson based Hortapharm BV. The ultimate destination of these varieties would be GW Pharmaceutical flag ship product, Sativex, a cannabis plant based medicinal product derived from highly potent strains of marijuana destined for an untold numerical clientele of sick and dieing patients afflicted with numerous terminal and treatable illnesses from AIDS and cancer, to glaucoma and multiple sclerosis, with many other medicinal applications in between! With nearly the entire modern gene pool of marijuana varieties today making themselves up in one form or another, including but not limited to hybridization, to the strains mentioned above, Clarkes long prophetic words of government and private industries merging with the legalization movement in order to control the Cannabis Sativa L plants destiny became the eighteen wheeler of doom which is headed down the highway of hope for millions of cannabis enthusiast the world over. In a February 2005 article written by Brian Preston of Walrus magazine with GW Pharmaceutical king pin Geoffrey Guy, it was written that:
There is no question that GW plans to enforce its patents on Sativex, which is a precisely dosed medicine. Warns Guy: “To protect our extensive investment, we have sought to identify and patent certain inventions throughout the growing, extraction and manufacturing process. My comments to Mr. Lucas were made as a friendly and, hopefully, helpful gesture as I did not wish him to invest a great amount of effort into obtaining approval for a product as a prescription medicine only to find that he did not have the freedom to operate in the first place. (Preston, pars. 1-12)
A strikingly similar revelation to the prophetic words of R.C Clarke nearly thirty years ago, who ultimately set himself up in a position to capitalize on the potential for industrial domination of the cannabis plant upon its inevitable legally and socially accepted status once the clutches of prohibition ultimately collapsed through means of public education and medical and scientific review. With the continued existence, and ever increasingly popular trend of cannabis seed banks originally pioneered by the Dutch, in particular Nevil Schoenmakers, the problem of controlling the already widely acquired high quality cannabis seed still needed to be addressed. A potential problem considering the nearly three decade’s worth of breeding of Dutch cannabis seed which flourished under Holland’s once climatically accepted judicial and legislative system who was among the only countries to view the use of soft core drugs such as cannabis in a tolerant light. The answer would come in the form of engineering a new trend, under the guise of propaganda and greed, known as ‘Feminized Seed.’ Feminized Seeds are made through several means, most popularly by using chemicals to stress a selected female clone into making male flowers in order to pollinate itself, eliminating the long standing role of the male cannabis plant! For many years the ultimate goal of the marijuana enthusiast was the acquisition of ‘sensimilla’, a Spanish term meaning “without seed.” The process of acquiring sensimilla is a relatively simple concept, to obtain the highest quality of cannabis, the weeding out of traditional male plants from the garden before they were able to ultimately shed and pollinate their female counterparts would ensure a higher quality product, with less hassle for the consumer, ultimately bringing in more money and enjoyment to the clandestine cultivators and marijuana enthusiast. Though a widely credited process to another Dutch cannabis seed company known as the ‘Dutch Passion’, this process was in fact originally used by Nevil Schoenmakers of ‘The Seed Bank’ many years prior to the late ‘90s re-opening of “Pandora’s box” as one Scott Blakey, aka Shantibaba of Mr. Nice Seeds, (the original breeder of “White Widow”) put it some time ago now.
With Dutch Passions re-introduction of the feminized seeds process to the public in the late ‘90s, the “general public” whom acquired specialized Dutch bred seed was made aware of a seemingly revolutionary process of “cannabis breeding.” A process which seemingly took the hard work of selecting an “elite” female, which was then propagated ad infinitum by means of asexual reproduction from a package of seeds which often times yielded an approximate fifty percent male to female plant ratio to a, too good to be true acquisition of a feminized product, often times sold at an astronomically higher price than its traditional bred counter parts, in the feminized form of selectively “bred” cannabis seed which was presented to the public as a more refined product to justify its price and means. The feminization trend really started to take off around 2004, when what seemingly appears to be an ingenious plan to corner the market started to take shape. A long trusted website known as Heavens Stairway, (a seed merchant company based out of Canada) was raided by the Royal Canadian Mounted Police, and its subsidiary websites used to promote the seed company in Overgrow.com and Cannabisworld.com were all shut down in an attempt to stifle the cannabis seed industry. Left in the wake, was Heavens Stairway’ chief competitor Gypsy Nirvana who ran the UK based Seedsdirect.com, which would later morph into Seedboutique.com, which itself uses a cannabis forum known as Icmag.com to increase seed sales under the guise of an internet message board. In reality, the internet message board is a carefully moderated cannabis forum which presents propaganda to its users in order to increase seed sales. For some time, the chief drawing power of the forum other than the demise of its former competitors was Dave Watson, also known as Sam the Skunk man (along with a colorful array of other alias’s as well). For years, Watson painted himself a legend in the industry, responsible for nearly all the strains popular today in today’s modern marijuana culture, however his propaganda drawing power often times came at the expense of Nevil Schoenmakers, the true pioneer of the industry who is in reality responsible for a great deal of the selective breeding and marketing of today’s most famous strains of cannabis. Long ago forced out of the industry after being arrested while visiting family in Australia, at the request of the Drug Enforcement Administration, Schoenmakers’ noticeable absence was seized upon by Hortapharms’ Dave Watson as an opportunity to paint himself in a very flattering light, often times at the expense of Schoenmakers own accomplishments, all of which bear a striking relation to an article written by Bas Barkman and Gert Hague for Dutch actualities magazine, “HP/De Tijd” entitled “Thanks to Uncle Sam”, which primarily focused on Mr. Watsons connection with the DEA and the numerous raids of competitor cannabis cultivators by law enforcement officials throughout the years in Holland and his alleged compilation list of the world’s leading experts on cannabis which was given to Australian authorities!
Among the greatest propaganda based operations conducted through icmag.com was the idea of “elite clones”, varieties such as Train wreck, OG Kush, Bubba Kush, the White etc. which may or may not have had a small following on their own in select portions of the United States, but which were presented online as varieties obtainable by “clone form only.” Mysterious members, whom had yet to establish any kind of reputation for themselves at the forum, were made heroes by the administration of Icmag.com nearly overnight. Backed by a legion of anonymous handles, all praising the qualities of these clone form only varieties, it did not take long for the entire message board, made up of genuine and honest individuals, to fall into line, tripping over themselves in an effort to obtain these “incredible” strains of cannabis. The main problem however was only the newly minted “hero’s” appeared to have access to these lines, and with the nature of the cannabis industry itself lending the majority of users to hide behind cleverly concocted alias’s in order to protect their true identities and thus remain free of prosecution, the prospect of sacrificing ones private information in order to obtain these clone only varieties remained the only distant possibility of obtaining said “elite” lines for the majority of users at the website. The answer for the masses to satisfy their propaganda gained desires came in the form of feminized seed, which the owner of icmag.com, Gypsy Nirvana, capitalized on swiftly. These elite clones were “selfed” or feminized, and “shipped” to the UK based Seedboutique.com, Nirvana’s chief seed operating center, making previously unobtainable “elite clones” available to the public worldwide whom had worked themselves up in a feeding frenzy based on propaganda supported by the administration which was propagated at the icmag.com forum.
What was initially a hill, soon became a mountain, as more and more respected Dutch Seed companies who offered seed bred by traditional methods of sexual reproduction soon switched their business model up to accommodate the public and their pocket books by offering feminized seed! Leading us into the current situation today, where more than twenty different companies are now offering feminized seed simply to accommodate the supply and demand letter of reality, all of which cam ultimately trace its roots back to the propaganda based machine of the widely popular Icmag.com website. However along with the popular trend of feminized seed, loom un-seen and potentially dangerous repercussions, which Australian geneticist and legendary breeder Shantibaba described as a potential “genetic crisis” waiting just beyond the horizon. In a 2008 article for Treating Yourself Magazine, Shantibaba wrote:
The concern that should be made aware is the fact that natural male plants and their pollen will be moving out of production in lure of chemically treated feminized males. This will cause repercussions with breeding in the long run and possibly cause serious diseases or infertility to future generations. At this stage there are no long term studies so it in impossible to foresee or predict. But for the moment people run to buy feminized seed and companies who cannot select special natural male plants based on traits and genetics like their female plants get it easy…by only having to use females treated with solutions. It will slowly cause regulations to fall and any who can follow a procedure the ability to produce female seed on their plants without needing seed companies any longer.
The future repercussions of serious diseases and infertility, based on the increasingly popular trend of feminized seed is not something one should take lightly when dealing with a plant that, prior to the feminized seed trend, was successful in spreading itself across the globe for thousands of years via means of natural male to female sexual reproduction. A particular concern of many individuals in modern times is the introduction of a method known as “terminator technology” originally credited to the infamous Monsanto Corporation. A website known as ethicalinvesting.com elaborated on “terminator technology” with the following:
Monsanto is in the process of acquiring and patenting their newest technology, known as "Terminator Technology." This technology is currently the greatest threat to humanity. If it is used by Monsanto on a large-scale basis, it will inevitably lead to famine and starvation on a worldwide basis.
Billions of people on the planet are supported by farmers who save seeds from the crops and replant these seeds the following year. Seeds are planted. The crop is harvested. And the seeds from the harvest are replanted the following year. Most farmers cannot afford to buy new seeds every year, so collecting and replanting seeds is a crucial part of the agricultural cycle. This is the way food has been grown successfully for thousands of years.
With Monsanto's terminator technology, they will sell seeds to farmers to plant crops. But these seeds have been genetically-engineered so that when the crops are harvested, all new seeds from these crops are sterile (e.g., dead, unusable). This forces farmers to pay Monsanto every year for new seeds if they want to grow their crops.
In less rich countries, hundreds of millions of people rely heavily on small farms which produce foods for the region. If these farms begin to use Monsanto's terminator technology, and cannot afford to buy new genetically engineered seeds from Monsanto the following year, many of the people in the region may starve. Under normal circumstances, food could be brought in from other regions. However, many of those other regions will likely have the same problems with famine due to Monsanto's terminator technology.
The ultimate fear of many within the cannabis industry today is the application of technology similar to Monsanto’s “Terminator Technology” to the cannabis plant. A process which could corner the cannabis market further by outside special interest groups whom are looking to capitalize on the increasingly social and legally acceptable marijuana movement by offering products which, through means of lobbying efforts and patents, may become the majorities primary option as the legalization movement progresses. In a September 1998 article by Vanessa Thorpe for ‘The Independent’ entitled, “Cannabis: a year that changed minds” Dave Watson of Hortapharm and his colleague Etienne de Meijer were quoted as working on, “seeds that will produce a one-off, female, seedless crop of plants with no psychotropic effects (or THC highs, to the layman) for the consumer.” Later in the article, Watson and de Meijer went on to explain:
There will be no generational deterioration and no genetic difference between each plant because they will be bred from themselves: they will be cloned. "You can clone a plant 10 times," explains Mr. de Meijer, "and every time it will be exactly the same." Mr. de Meijer has developed his own technique of "self-progeny" - or "selfing" - where he turns half of one female plant temporarily into a male. Fertilizing a plant with itself in this way means the same genetic make-up can be reproduced."I can make 20,000 clones with 'selfed' parents in two weeks," he says. "Humans may degenerate from inbreeding, but these plants do not. I'm sure I am the first person to apply this method of inbreeding to cannabis and I found the selfing process was amazingly simple."But the unique research has no market in Holland. "Because the sale of the drug is tolerated in coffee shops, there is no interest - though people don't really know what they are buying," says Mr. Watson.
With Vanessa’s Thorpe’s article on Watsons connection with feminized seeds in 1998, which coincides with Dutch Passions re-opening of Pandora’s box also in the late 1990’s and which ultimately ties in with Gypsy Nirvana’s propaganda campaign at Icmag.com to offer the public alleged “elite lines” through means of the feminization process, one has to wonder just how deep Hortapharms connections run in the marijuana industry itself in connection with cornering the Dutch cannabis seed industry and ultimately providing lines of alleged highly select varieties through the feminization seed trend in an effort to stifle the global cannabis seed trade with varieties of cannabis which may open the door for genetic bottlenecking through means of inbreeding depression, which may also lead to serious diseases and even infertility later down the line!
Recently, an article posted online at kpfz.org dated September 9th, 2010 entitled “Proposition 19, Monsanto and GMO Terminator Cannabis” alleges that:
George Weiblen conducts his research under a permit granted by the DEA to import Cannabis from outside of the U.S. The two sources from which these imports come from are the Kenex corporation based in Ontario Canada and the HortaPharm corporation based in Amsterdam. These two corporations are two of the very few entities which have acquired a DEA permit to import Cannabis into the United States. The history and role of these corporations illustrate the potential of Genetic Engineering in the global Cannabis market.
Kenex corporation initiated its research program on industrial hemp in 1995 in cooperation with Ridgetown College of University of Guelph in Ontario. A research license was granted by Health Canada to proceed with the program. The scope of the project was expanded in 1996 making it the largest hemp research project in Canada.
It is interesting to note that Kenex’s research program on hemp was initiated at the University of Guelph, which is also home to 24 ag-biotech research facilities, and is heavily funded by the ag-biotech industry, including research funds from Monsanto corporation, Bayor Incorporated, Dupont, Syngenta and Dow Chemical corporation to name a few.
Information which seems to tie in R.C. Clarke and Dave Watsons Dutch based Hortapharm BV with the Monsanto Corporation, which makes one wonder if the feminized seed trend perpetuated by Icmag.com, whom Dave Watson can be tied into, is all actually an attempt to stifle the global cannabis seed trade by offering the public inferior lines of cannabis through the feminized seed trend which are marketed to the consumers as the next big thing under the guise of chasing the sensimilla dream through what is purported to be an all female seed crop derived from “elite” mother plants. By narrowing the field of availability of the traditionally bred Dutch cannabis seed market, which for years was taken for granted by growers who always assumed they could just go buy more seed next year, with no need to make seed of their own for the next season, the currently popular trend of feminization is an excellent means to corner the global seed market by offering the public inferior products at inflated prices, all the while laughing all the way to the bank!
Labeling a funeral, a party, is just one of many ways in which marketing is commonly used to promote ones goods and services. With the increasing demand for feminized seed, which leads to intersexed or hermaphroditic varieties which can theoretically easily pollinate localized and indigenous populations of cannabis through anemophily, the opportunity for agricultural interest to then seize control over crops accidentally or otherwise pollinated by genetically patented strains becomes another tool in which corporative interest use to further monopolize an already shrinking gene pool. A reality which has already played itself out in courtrooms across Middle America with other popular agricultural crops such as maze, where cultivators are sued and suffer financial hardship due to the discovery of genes on their property from crops protected by genetic patent which one way or another managed to find themselves into the seed these unsuspecting farmers used to plant their garden or farm with that season. Just say no to feminized seed! Can GW Pharmaceuticals or another entity hold patents to the very strains you hold so dearly to heart? And in the process control who, when, where and how these varieties are made available much like with other agriculturally patented crops such as soybean and corn? As the marijuana legalization movement pushes forward, these questions and many more will be answered as society progresses towards a more mature stance on cannabis.
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Weed World Magazine issue 91. (Special thanks to Shanti and Phil).
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