Uncle Jack
Well-known member
Awesome. Lets try and keep this thread going as a tribute to Nevil.
Breeding techniques
- Thread starter Nevil
- Start date
Uncle Jack
Well-known member
Deleted
Last edited:
Wobby
Well-known member
People are polyhybrids. It is quite common for children to look like both parents
As a parent, and within families I know deeply, I see grand parents in the children too
Mate Dave
Well-known member
Me & my cousin share the same birthday, but a different year, both look like our grandad.
There's pictures of him when he was 'courting' my grandmother and the pic's of us the same age you couldn't tell the difference.
The worst bit is My brothers Daughter looks like him
There's pictures of him when he was 'courting' my grandmother and the pic's of us the same age you couldn't tell the difference.
The worst bit is My brothers Daughter looks like him
Last edited:
Wobby
Well-known member
Your brother’s daughter looks like you, mmmmMe & my cousin share the same birthday, but a different year, both look like our grandad.
There's pictures of him when he was 'courting' my grandmother and the pic's of us the same age you couldn't tell the difference.
The worst bit is My brothers Daughter looks like him
Uncle Jack
Well-known member
He looks like his cousin not his brother.
Uncle Jack
Well-known member
Mate Dave
Well-known member
Resurrected Ancestral Cannabis Enzymes Unveil the Origin and Functional Evolution of Cannabinoid Synthases - https://doi.org/10.1111/pbi.70475
ABSTRACT
Cannabinoids, such as tetrahydrocannabinolic acid (THCA), cannabidiolic acid (CBDA) and cannabichromenic acid (CBCA), are bioactive and medicinally relevant compounds found in the cannabis plant (Cannabis sativa L.). These three compounds are synthesised from a single precursor, cannabigerolic acid (CBGA), through regioselective reactions catalysed by different cannabinoid oxidocyclase enzymes. Despite the importance of cannabinoid oxidocyclases for determining cannabis chemotype and properties, the functional evolution and molecular mechanism of this enzyme family remain poorly understood. To address this gap, we combined ancestral sequence reconstruction and heterologous expression to resurrect and functionally characterise three ancestral cannabinoid oxidocyclases. Results showed that the ability to metabolise CBGA originated in a recent ancestor of cannabis and that early cannabinoid oxidocyclases were promiscuous enzymes producing all three THCA, CBDA and CBCA. Gene duplication and diversification later facilitated enzyme subfunctionalisation, leading to extant, highly-specialised THCA and CBDA synthases. Through rational engineering of these ancestors, we designed hybrid enzymes which allowed identifying key amino acid mutations underlying the functional evolution of cannabinoid oxidocyclases. Ancestral and hybrid enzymes also displayed unique activities and proved to be easier to produce heterologously than their extant counterparts. Overall, this study contributes to understanding the origin, evolution and molecular mechanism of cannabinoid oxidocyclases, which opens new perspectives for breeding, biotechnological and medicinal applications.
This Conformation of the A1 & A2 type cannabis the A5 and C5 pathways that Nevil named plants after.
ABSTRACT
Cannabinoids, such as tetrahydrocannabinolic acid (THCA), cannabidiolic acid (CBDA) and cannabichromenic acid (CBCA), are bioactive and medicinally relevant compounds found in the cannabis plant (Cannabis sativa L.). These three compounds are synthesised from a single precursor, cannabigerolic acid (CBGA), through regioselective reactions catalysed by different cannabinoid oxidocyclase enzymes. Despite the importance of cannabinoid oxidocyclases for determining cannabis chemotype and properties, the functional evolution and molecular mechanism of this enzyme family remain poorly understood. To address this gap, we combined ancestral sequence reconstruction and heterologous expression to resurrect and functionally characterise three ancestral cannabinoid oxidocyclases. Results showed that the ability to metabolise CBGA originated in a recent ancestor of cannabis and that early cannabinoid oxidocyclases were promiscuous enzymes producing all three THCA, CBDA and CBCA. Gene duplication and diversification later facilitated enzyme subfunctionalisation, leading to extant, highly-specialised THCA and CBDA synthases. Through rational engineering of these ancestors, we designed hybrid enzymes which allowed identifying key amino acid mutations underlying the functional evolution of cannabinoid oxidocyclases. Ancestral and hybrid enzymes also displayed unique activities and proved to be easier to produce heterologously than their extant counterparts. Overall, this study contributes to understanding the origin, evolution and molecular mechanism of cannabinoid oxidocyclases, which opens new perspectives for breeding, biotechnological and medicinal applications.
This Conformation of the A1 & A2 type cannabis the A5 and C5 pathways that Nevil named plants after.