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germination experiment

Amoril

Well-known member
Hey, so as Ive had mixed results germinating some old seed recently, and I have plans to continue going through tons of old (6-20 year old) seeds.... I figured it was time to experiment with a few methods, see what works best for me and my old beans. No plans to grow these, just seeing what pops and what doesnt, whats faster, etc

the test subjects are approximately 120-150 seeds from Bad Dawg Seeds, the freebies you get with GLG orders in the US. Various strains. I divided them evenly (one seed per pack, per cup, rotating) amongst 8 cups

the test groups

1. Filtered water
2. Tap water
3. Filtered water + 3 drops superthrive
4. Tap water + 3 drops superthrive
5. Filtered water + peroxide
6. Tap water + peroxide
7. Filtered water + superthrive + peroxide
9. Tap water + superthrive + peroxide

each cup had 100ml of water. Superthrive was added at a rate of 3 drops per cup. Peroxide was 30ml added to the 100ml of water. (0.75ish% final peroxide)

all cups placed on a heat mat 2 days ago
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After soaking for 36 hours, the results are interesting. For the purpose of this, yes = visible tap root protrusion (im confident at this point, most of them would survive). no = no visible root, successful plant unknown / unlikely

1. Tap - 6 yes 15 no, 28% success

2. tap + peroxide - 15 yes, 2 no 88% success

3. Tap + superthrive - 15 yes, 1 no 94% success

4. Tap + ST + peroxide - 17 yes, 0 no 100% success

5. Filtered water - 11 yes, 4 no 73% success

6. Filtered water + peroxide - 17 yes, 0 no 100% success

7. Filtered water + superthrive - 9 yes, 12 no 43% success

8. Filtered water + ST + peroxide - 16 yes, 1 no 94% success

---------------------

my conclusions, peroxide is huge. use it. I will be using it every germ going forward. The difference in success rate, time / rate of development is noticeable. the peroxide cups were ready to plant much sooner.

the one outlier to me is #7, filtered water plus superthrive. the water appeared slightly cloudy in that cup, so may have been a contamination. No idea.

going forward, ill be using filtered water + peroxide 100ml:30ml + a couple of drops of superthrive. Cups with peroxide averaged 95% success rate. substantial. these seeds are all 6+ years old, stored in refrigeration for the time Ive had them, inside pelican cases.
 
This is the best group without peroxide, #3 above
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And two of the cups with peroxide, although all the cups with peroxide looked like this. #8 and #6 respectively
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A substantial difference. Use peroxide @ 0.7% to 1% when germinating seeds. It works.
 
A very interesting subject, but I think it's possible to do without any chemical stimulants, which is better for preserving genetic integrity as much as possible.


My technique for germinating seeds, which gives very good results, is as follows:



1. For seeds that have been in the fridge for a long time, leave them for 2 to 4 days at room temperature in their tube to activate the "dormancy break".


2. Place two layers of cotton on top of a grid (to aerate the support). The top layer of cotton should be very thin (~0.5mm) to avoid smothering the seeds.

Also allow some indirect light to reach the seeds to stimulate germination process.


3. To start with, soak the cotton layers with osmosis water pre-warmed to ~27°C and maintain the temperature at ~27°C with a thermostat and a mat or heating cables if necessary.


4. Very importantly, wait until the cotton layers are almost dry before watering again (to avoid rotting) and also make sure you drain off any water left over from the previous watering.


5. Repeat the process for up to 7 days maximum. Normally, good seeds germinate in 24-48 hours. After 7 days I do not consider them viable.

With good quality seeds less than 5 years old, this technique can achieve a germination rate of 90-100%.

With seeds over 10 years old, this rate can vary from 50% to 90%.
 
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Did you crack them FF?

Hey, thanks for asking, @lozac123 . I did attempt to crack 24 beans that are 22+ years; 14 seeds of Original Killer Queen, + 10 of an Original Haze cross with Cindy'99.

I regret to report, though, that my results were less than ideal, with only a 33.3% germ rate. I chalk that up to amateur mistakes. First, I didn't transition them slowly enough from the deep freeze into the grow medium. That stressed them out, I suspect & stunted their germination. Second, I skipped the paper towel method, which in hindsight was a huge mistake, on my part. I only have a cheap heating matt, which doesn't heat evenly all the way across. There are hot spots and cold spots. I could never achieve the ideal germ temp, in the grow mix. It would have been more easily & consistently attained in paper towels, between 2 plates. Third mistake, I didn't follow Amoril's proven method. I opted for a different one, but in hindsight, I should have stuck with Amoril's, which was my initial plan.

So, of the 14 OKQ, only 1 cracked, despite them all sinking to the bottom of their 2 part soak. First part of the soak was 12 hours in a dilution of Doctor Zymes, followed by 6 hours in a weak EM-1 dilution, at a rate of 1:1000. They all sank in the enzyme soak. The EM-1 should have penetrated the shell, but maybe mixing the 2 wasn't a good idea, i.e. follow the enzyme soak with a bacteria soak.

In hindsight, I should have scarified the outer shells and stuck with Amoril's proven method. Of all 24 seeds the first one to germ, & breakthrough to the light, was the OKQ seed. After a full 5 days on the matt, I dug them up gently to check if the other 13 had cracked; and they hadn't. Same with the Cindy'99×Haze cross. I dug them up to see if they cracked, and only 2 of 10 hadn't cracked yet.

So, in total there were 15 seeds that didn't crack. Four of the O. Haze cross have stalled out on me. Only 1 of the 4 half-way broke through, but then stalled. I dug it up today for an update, and the root hasn't grown at all in over a week. I don't have much hope for it, at this point. It could have been saved by tissue culture, if I was set up for it. Someday, maybe...

As for the 15 rescued seeds, they are still drying out. I stated earlier, somewhere else, that I was going to manually crack those 15 seeds and soak them again in EM-1, but I haven't followed through with that yet, for reasons I won't get into here.

So, atm, I have 4 healthy seedlings that I'm uber grateful for, and looking forward to running in my 4 Earthboxes. I would much prefer to keep these 4 seed plants as clone mothers, and flower cuts from her outside, but I'm not sure yet if that's possible based on their current rate of growth. We shall see. Clones take 2-3 wks to root, at the best of times for me.

Cheers, my friends!! 😎👍🏻

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The OKQ is in the prop. The others are C'99×Haze. One of them looks like a mutant, compared to its siblings; so let's keep our fingers 🤞🏻🤞🏻 that it keeps growing and doesn't stall out on us. Looks fairly healthy otherwise. Keep it green Growmies!!
 
Did you crack them FF?

ROUND 2 : Second attempt is currently underway, to crack the remaining 13 OKQ seeds is . The full moon peaked at 12:56 PM today. I let them dry out good, while waiting until this full moon. Let's see if I can get a couple more to wake up. 20250512_115332.jpg20250512_115416.jpg20250512_121448.jpg

102 ml of distilled water, 3 ml of 35% HP, 3 drops of VitaThrive. I poured half the treated water, into the smaller jar, before adding the seeds. The rest of the treated water was used for the C-99×Haze rescued seeds, 5 in total. I lightly scarified them, but not the OKQ.

They were dropped into water at 12:26, 1/2 hr before the peak. Not sure how long to let them soak, but at least for 12 hrs, or until they sink. If none drop to the bottom of the jar by 12 hrs in, then I'll let them continue soaking until 6:30 am tomorrow.

Cheers! 🤞🏻😎🤞🏻
 
Awesome stuff @Freedom_Fighter , thank you for letting us know how you get on.

Can I quiz you on the transition from deep freeze to germination? I did not realise that it was an issue to go straight into attempted germination, how/ what is the best way of ensuring that this stress is reduced? Previously I always kept my seed in fridges but have moved to freezer in the last few years, so I am curious how to avoid the negatives of freezing the seeds.

So I have developed/ copied a slightly new way of using the paper towel method. I have moved to an old school rockwool and hps set up, but I have found moving the seedling from paper towel into a rockwool cube is quite tricky. I think it was Daz from night owl that I had seen the post, but he hangs the seedlings in some paper towels in a plastic baggie above the light in the tent. The heat helps to germinate them, and by hanging them you get more straight taproots that are very easy to transplant into a rockwool cube. Using the hanging method I have had seeds that are 6+ years old that are germinating with a full 1/2 inch taproot in around 48 hours.

Really interesting with the mutant looking one. I planned on running issac haze again, but the first seed I ran cracked, but wasnt strong enough to develop a tap root and eventually died off after a few days. The second one I tried looks identical to your mutant. I let it grow to about 2 inches and the growth was still terrible, I topped it and it has encouraged more regular shaped leaves, but only on one branch and there is still much irregular growth on the leaves. I will keep it going for another few weeks but the suomi haze I germinated at the same time is significantly more vigorous and is much further along. I have a seedling of a oaxan x A5 on the go now too, so will likely get rid of the issac haze if it doesnt turn into something more interesting soon.

Are you doing a journal of this run? I am extremely curious at how it goes for you, and good luck!
 
Great idea for a thread, it's always good to try and separate facts from myths. There are myths and urban legends around virtually every subject you can think of, and a lot of times people will blindly follow some of those myths and don't really know why ✌️👍
 
hiya neville i have managed to germ a few old seeds but it was hit and miss i came up with it out of desperation in short i relised that why older seeds would not germ was because the seed embryo case would stick to the seed embryo and in short suffocate the seed embryo if that makes seance.

I would see after some time say a week a tap root just brake out of the seed shell then the next day as i expected it to be showing a longer tap root i would see no tap root it had gone back into the seed case.

So i would leave it and the seed would die i started to think why so then as the tap root would show its self i would carefully open the seed case removing the seedling to find the seed embryo looking healthy but the seed embryo case stuck to it and unless i removed it from the seed embryo it to would die so then i tried a few ways to keep the seed embryo alive first using rock wool and coco starters both with some sucses but found the best way to place the seed embryo into a good quality soil with no ferts and only feeding it or them with water keeping the soil moist but letting it drain well to only watering it to not let the soil dry.

They take some time to fire up you will see colour starting at the base of the seedling then running up the seeding finally going green at the leaf.

So basically the liquid that's in the seed embryo between the embryo case and seed embryo drys up in old seeds and the only chance i think to germ them is to germ the seeds for a week in the first week if you see a tap root show open it up remove case and plant the tap root exposing the top of the top of the seed embryo or if the seeds don't germ or even open up after a week to open them up your self remove the seed embryo do the same and place into soil and i put them under fluros grow lux.

Hope that makes seance.
Good post Hempy

As Louis Pasteur said, "In the field of observation, chance favours the mind that is prepared".
N.
 
Can I quiz you on the transition from deep freeze to germination? I did not realise that it was an issue to go straight into attempted germination, how/ what is the best way of ensuring that this stress is reduced?

Sure, @lozac123 , no problem. It's more of a "theory" at this point, for me, based upon my understanding of the principle of biomimicry applied in regenerative farming: Following the way it's done in nature.

Out in nature, for example, a seed falls to the ground and passes through a gradual transition of temperatures, from a cool fall temp, to colder, then eventually to freezing during the winter, in zones like mine; followed by a spring thaw and summer germination.

Biomimicry practice would attempt to replicate that gradual process as closely as possible. My old seed collection was kept in the fridge for the first 10 years before being moved to the freezer. It's not my habit to put new or young seeds into the freezer as soon as I acquire them.

I suspect the best germination rate is achieved when following the way of nature, but I can't say I've ever seen any formal studies published on it; but I feel that the principle of biomimicry is more than mere "bro' science". I'm unable to claim that I've done repeated experiments, like Amoril did, to prove my point or "theory"; but I do suspect it's possible to stress seeds, or stunt germination, by deviating from natural law and systems.

In hindsight, I should have moved them from the freezer into the fridge first, for a few days at least, to let them thaw gradually, then from the fridge to room temperature for a few days before soaking and sowing them. That would have been a more natural transition, in my opinion; and the safest approach with very old & rare seeds.

As for long term storage, whether in the fridge or freezer, I recommend you vacuum seal them first, with a sufficient amount of desiccant to protect against moisture. Personally I think freezing is best for long term storage, but once again, that's a theory that I haven't properly tested because I have never kept any seeds in the fridge for 20+ years to do a side by side comparison of germ rates.

Previously I always kept my seed in fridges but have moved to freezer in the last few years, so I am curious how to avoid the negatives of freezing the seeds.

I'm not an "expert," so-called, at this but I would definitely vacuum seal them with sufficient desiccant (rice grains) and avoid removing and thawing them unnecessarily, as I suspect that repeated thawing & refreezing could possibly reduce or impair future germ rates

So I have developed/ copied a slightly new way of using the paper towel method. I have moved to an old school rockwool and hps set up, but I have found moving the seedling from paper towel into a rockwool cube is quite tricky. I think it was Daz from night owl that I had seen the post, but he hangs the seedlings in some paper towels in a plastic baggie above the light in the tent. The heat helps to germinate them, and by hanging them you get more straight taproots that are very easy to transplant into a rockwool cube. Using the hanging method I have had seeds that are 6+ years old that are germinating with a full 1/2 inch taproot in around 48 hours.

Since I've never grown in rockwool, I can't offer an opinion on that but the technique you describe sounds intriguing. I like it. I'd like to try rockwool someday. I shared a video on this forum a while ago about a grower named 'Jahrome' who grew a 4 lb indoor plant in a 12 gal Air-pot filled with rockwool, as a contestant in a California "grow-off" competition. The video has photos of it.

Really interesting with the mutant looking one.

Yes, the mutant really intrigues me but currently it's less than half the size of its two siblings, but I'm very impressed with the stem thickness on it's siblings. Fortunately I still have 20 more seeds of that (Cindy'99×Haze#4), which have moved to the top of my "TO DO" list, based on their hybrid vigor that I've witnessed so far; so I'm a bit tempted to crack them asap, but those would be an indoor project and I'm hesitant to start them right now, as the threat of rolling hydro outages this year is too high and risky.

Plus with the tariff war, it may get too expensive to maintain a perpetual indoor garden, and hard to get my preferred inputs. Lots of variables for me to consider. Hopefully I can make some seed from what I've got going, at the moment

I planned on running issac haze again, but the first seed I ran cracked, but wasnt strong enough to develop a tap root and eventually died off after a few days. The second one I tried looks identical to your mutant. I let it grow to about 2 inches and the growth was still terrible, I topped it and it has encouraged more regular shaped leaves, but only on one branch and there is still much irregular growth on the leaves. I will keep it going for another few weeks but the suomi haze I germinated at the same time is significantly more vigorous and is much further along. I have a seedling of a oaxan x A5 on the go now too, so will likely get rid of the issac haze if it doesnt turn into something more interesting soon.

Those sound like killer genetics. I'm excited to see them, especially the A5 cross. My little mutant is snapping out of it slowly, and starting to grow more normally, but it's definitely going to be The Runt in this run. That's OK with me. I'll pamper it just like the others, if not more so.

Are you doing a journal of this run? I am extremely curious at how it goes for you, and good luck!

Thanks, lozac. Yes, I'm capturing this grow in a journal and will update it soon.

Cheers, brother! 😎👍🏻
 
As for long term storage, whether in the fridge or freezer, I recommend you vacuum seal them first, with a sufficient amount of desiccant to protect against moisture. Personally I think freezing is best for long term storage, but once again, that's a theory that I haven't properly tested because I have never kept any seeds in the fridge for 20+ years to do a side by side comparison of germ rates.


Hi LB
we freeze in vacuum sealed bags for long term storage and once they are taken from freezer we then keep in the fridge not refreezing them. All others remain in the vacuum sealed packages in the fridge for daily use...no study really to send you but once i find it i will send it. All the best Sb
 
I am extremely curious at how it goes for you, and good luck!

Sad to say, @lozac123, but I'm a very unhappy camper today, after breaking a tail on an OKQ seed. SOB!

giphy.gif

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This one was a floater, and began to show a tiny protruding root tip this morning, and instead of transferring right then, I delayed, went out for an appointment, and when I got back, it looked like that, in the photo. So, it took 4 days, from 12:28 pm on the 12th 'til this afternoon to develop this, on the surface of the water. When I attempted to extract it, I broke the tail. SOB!

giphy (1).gif

This is a situation where tissue culture could have saved my sorry ass. I can corroborate, though, that the 1% HP did in fact de-shell a few embryos. Learned some good lessons, here, but what a high price to pay for it. I didn't have the right tool for the job, like a typical amateur. Oh well, life goes on... Oh well, time to drown my sorrow in a cup of hot coffee with a slice of warm 🫐🥧.

Cheers from my germination ... giphy (2).gif

FF
 
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